This report presents findings from a review of the service activities of informal private water vendors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. It analyses the current water supply situation, gives an overview of the different types of small-scale water vendors operating in the area and provides an analysis of the effects of small-scale water vending on low-income households. An analysis of the affordability and quality of drinking water available to low-income households, problems involving the regulation of water supply as well as policy implications complete the report.