Publication database

This report reflects on the position of social enterprise across 27 countries, across 5 continents and including both developed and developing, stable and fragile countries. It aims to bring evidence together to provide comparisons between social enterprises across the globe, to highlight commonalities and differences, patterns and challenges. This study also considers the policy and support ecosystems for social enterprise in many countries, draws conclusions and makes recommendations based on the evidence.

This handbook provides investors, businesses and private
sector development practitioners with an overview of tools
and methods for effective and appropriately tailored data
collection for impact measurement and management. It
builds on the recognition that the methods of larger,
independent impact evaluations of, for example,
government-funded programmes rarely lend themselves
well to a private sector context. In reviewing select private
sector-relevant tools and methods, it draws out how such
tools can deliver impact insights while often feeding
valuable business intelligence back into companies.

This primer aims to equip international development agencies and partners to assess whether and how distributed ledger technology (DLT), such as blockchain, might apply to their work. This primer cannot do justice to the complexity of DLT and its technological underpinnings, philosophical origins, and diverse business models. Instead, it provides:

• a set of key questions to consider for assessing relevance of DLT to particular development challenges;
• a basic summary of the technical aspects of DLT; and
• an illustrative list of DLT applications being tested across a range of sectors.

Part 1 of this report discusses instrumental and infrastructural approaches to ID and argues for long-term investments in ID infrastructure. Institutions and individuals each have key roles in the ID ecosystem, and we will discuss the tensions inherent in trying to serve both. Part 2 of this report asks how the ID landscape is changing. Emerging technologies will expand the options for identifying and authenticating individuals and introduce new actors across the DID value chain. While some emerging trends may offer greater opportunity for inclusion, higher confidence in authentication, or better data security, new technologies and new actors may also change the roles of traditional ID-granting institutions and their relationships with ID-holding individuals. How we address these emerging trends in technology will determine whether ID is an instrument of empowerment and inclusion or surveillance, disempowerment, and exclusion.